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DAO 121:15-28 (2016)  -  DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/dao03030

Susceptibility of ocean- and stream-type Chinook salmon to isolates of the L, U, and M genogroups of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV)

Daniel G. Hernandez1,2, Maureen K. Purcell2, Carolyn S. Friedman1, Gael Kurath2,* 

1University of Washington, School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
2US Geological Survey, Western Fisheries Research Center, 6505 Northeast 65th St., Seattle, WA 98115, USA
*Corresponding author:

ABSTRACT: This study examined the susceptibility of Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha to viral strains from the L, U, and M genogroups of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) present in western North America. The goal of this investigation was to establish a baseline understanding of the susceptibility of ocean- and stream-type Chinook salmon to infection and mortality caused by exposure to commonly detected strains of L, U, and M IHNV. The L IHNV strain tested here was highly infectious and virulent in both Chinook salmon populations, following patterns previously reported for Chinook salmon. Furthermore, ocean- and stream-type Chinook salmon fry at 1 g can also become subclinically infected with U and M strains of IHNV without experiencing significant mortality. The stream-type life history phenotype was generally more susceptible to infection and suffered greater mortality than the ocean-type phenotype. Between the U and M genogroup strains tested, the U group strains were generally more infectious than the M group strains in both Chinook salmon types. Substantial viral clearance occurred by 30 d post exposure, but persistent viral infection was observed with L, U, and M strains in both host populations. While mortality decreased with increased host size in stream-type Chinook salmon, infection prevalence was not lower for all strains at a greater size. These results suggest that Chinook salmon may serve as reservoirs and/or vectors of U and M genogroup IHNV.


KEY WORDS: Rhabdovirus · Oncorhynchus tshawytscha · Subclinical infection · Virus persistence · Fish disease · Columbia River Basin


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Cite this article as: Hernandez DG, Purcell MK, Friedman CS, Kurath G (2016) Susceptibility of ocean- and stream-type Chinook salmon to isolates of the L, U, and M genogroups of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV). Dis Aquat Org 121:15-28. https://doi.org/10.3354/dao03030

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